The Impact of Digital Transformation on Annuities: Personalization, Investment Strategies, and Regulatory Challenges

Abstract

Annuities, as a part of retirement planning, have become an important player with tax deferral on growth and income for life to help address the longevity risk. This paper provides an exhaustive depiction of annuities, distinguishing the features of annuity customization through guaranteed periods and death benefits, and withdrawal rules, and comparing different types of annuities, e.g., single life, joint life, level, and escalating annuities. It relates the historical development of the annuity market from its modest beginnings just before the Great Depression to its expansion with economic uncertainty and the transition to the sale of individual products by long-established insurers. The work also studies the dramatic transformation of the market in annuity space due to big data portfolio analytics, artificial intelligence, blockchain, etc., and how that can affect the efficiency of operations, personalized products, and analytics-driven smart investment decisions based on predictive analytics and algorithmic portfolio management. At the same time, the paper discusses the regulatory challenges that brought this digital evolution as the critical balance between innovation and compliance in the context of ever-changing data protection and the consumer rights framework. This study presents a synced synthesis of traditional annuity principles that could also come in parallel with modern technological innovations toward the optimization of annuity offerings that match the increasingly dynamic financial ecosystem made possible by a digitally driven ecosystem.